Dugong vs Manatee: Understanding the Differences
Dugongs and manatees are often confused because they look similar and are both members of the order Sirenia. However, these gentle marine mammals have distinct differences in appearance, habitat, and behavior.
Quick Comparison
| Feature | Dugong | Manatee |
|---|---|---|
| Tail Shape | Fluked (like a whale) | Paddle-shaped |
| Snout | Pointed, trunk-like | Rounded |
| Habitat | Indo-Pacific coastal waters | Atlantic Ocean, rivers |
| Diet | Strictly seagrass | Seagrass, freshwater plants |
| Tusks | Males have visible tusks | No visible tusks |
Physical Differences
Tail Shape (Easiest Way to Tell Them Apart)
- Dugong: Has a fluked tail similar to a whale or dolphin
- Manatee: Has a rounded, paddle-shaped tail
Body Shape
- Dugong: More streamlined, with a distinctive downward-pointing snout
- Manatee: Rounder body, with a more horizontally-oriented snout
Size
- Dugong: 8-10 feet long, up to 1,100 pounds
- Manatee: 9-13 feet long, up to 1,300 pounds (West Indian manatee is largest)
Habitat Differences
Where Dugongs Live
- Indo-Pacific region
- Coastal waters of East Africa to Australia
- Strictly marine (saltwater only)
- Prefer shallow seagrass beds
Where Manatees Live
- Three species in different regions:
- West Indian Manatee: Caribbean, Florida, Central America
- Amazonian Manatee: Amazon River basin (freshwater only)
- West African Manatee: West African rivers and coasts
Behavior Differences
Social Behavior
- Dugongs: More solitary, except mothers with calves
- Manatees: More social, often seen in groups
Swimming Style
- Dugongs: More agile swimmers
- Manatees: Slower, more deliberate movements
Conservation Status
Both face serious threats:
| Species | IUCN Status | Major Threats |
|---|---|---|
| Dugong | Vulnerable | Habitat loss, fishing nets |
| West Indian Manatee | Vulnerable | Boat strikes, habitat loss |
| Amazonian Manatee | Vulnerable | Hunting, habitat loss |